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Online Advanced Release
Articles appearing in this "Online Advanced Release" section have been peer-reviewed and accepted for publication in the Journal of Refractive Surgery and posted online before print publication. Articles appear on this site after copyediting and author corrections, but before final proofing. The content of the article will usually remain unchanged, and possible further corrections are fairly minor. The final published article will specify the issue and page numbers. Once the final version is available in print, the version posted here will be removed from this site.
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Table of Contents
Comparison of LASIK With the OPDCAT or OATz Algorithm Using the NIDEK EC-5000CXII Excimer Laser
Yoshiko Hori-Komai, MD; Ikuko Toda, MD; Takahiro Yamamoto, MD; Kazuo Tsubota, MD
Submitted: 7/11/08; Accepted: 5/7/09; Posted: 7/1/09In a series of 274 eyes studied retrospectively, using the NIDEK excimer laser platform demonstrated that eyes treated with a total aspheric algorithm based on refraction, wavefront, and topography induced less higher order aberrations than those treated with a customized aspheric transition zone only.
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Erik Letko, MD; Marianne O. Price, PhD; Francis W. Price, Jr, MD
Submitted: 2/17/09; Accepted: 5/7/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 272 eyes, epithelial ingrowth after LASIK retreatment was less likely to develop in eyes with flaps created by femtosecond laser than with those created by mechanical microkeratome.
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Clinical Results With the Light Adjustable Intraocular Lens
Christoph Winkler von Mohrenfels, MD; Josefina Salgado, MD; Ramin Khoramnia, MD; Mathias Maier, MD; Chris P. Lohmann, MD, PhD
Submitted 10/10/08; Accepted: 5/7/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 10 eyes with cataracts, the Calhoun light adjustable intraocular lens was implanted, with refraction modified by one or two ultraviolet irradiation adjustments and a final lock-in of the refraction, producing a mean spherical equivalent refraction of –0.07±0.21 D.
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Posterior Chamber Phakic Implantable Collamer Lens: Changes in Vault During 1 Year
Takashi Kojima, MD; Masahiro Maeda, MD; Yoko Yoshida, MD; Mayuka Ito; Tomoaki Nakamura, MD; Shuya Hara, MD; Kazuo Ichikawa, PhD, MD
Submitted: 1/4/09; Accepted: 5/6/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 36 eyes in which the phakic Implantable Collamer Lens was placed, those with an initial high vault showed a decrease in the vault over 3 months, and thereafter in all eyes the vault remained stable up to 1 year.
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Comparison of Corneal and Total Ocular Aberrations Before and After Myopic LASIK
Damien Gatinel, MD, PhD; Pierre-Alexandre Adam, MD; Slim Chaabouni, MD; Jacques Munck, OD; Maud Thevenot, OD; Thanh Hoang-Xuan, MD; Stefan Pieger, Dipl.Ing; Masanao Fujieda, MSE; Harkaran S. Bains, BSc(Hons)
Submitted: 1/8/09; Accepted: 5/5/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 57 myopic eyes treated with LASIK, the authors hypothesize that postoperatively, there may be alterations in the crystalline lens to change the higher order aberrations for the total eye based on the new set of higher order aberrations that appear after the myopic LASIK.
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Steven Schallhorn, MD; David Tanzer, MD; Donald R. Sanders, MD, PhD; Monica Sanders, BS; Mitch Brown, OD; Sandor E. Kaupp, MS
Submitted: 1/16/09; Accepted: 5/5/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a prospective, randomized series of 43 eyes implanted with a Visian Toric Implantable Collamer Lens and 45 eyes of different patients receiving conventional PRK with the VISX Star S3 excimer laser, eyes with the IOL could identify objects in a night driving simulator better than those treated with PRK.
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Impact on the Corneal Endothelium of Mitomycin C During Photorefractive Keratectomy
Danny S. Roh, BS; James L. Funderburgh, PhD
Submitted: 3/6/09; Accepted: 5/5/09; Posted: 6/22/09A literature review of the effect of topical mitomycin C used in clinically acceptable doses on the corneal endothelium reveals minimal damage when used during PRK as studied by specular microscopy, but the question of sub-clinical DNA damage remains to be resolved.
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Anterior Chamber Depth Measurement in Pseudophakic Eyes: A Comparison of Pentacam and Ultrasound
Giacomo Savini, MD; Thomas Olsen, MD; Claudio Carbonara, MD; Sebastiano Pazzaglia, MD; Piero Barboni, MD; Michele Carbonelli, MD; Kenneth J. Hoffer, MD, FACS
Submitted: 8/7/08; Accepted: 5/5/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of pseudophakic eyes, the Pentacam and immersion biometry were statistically similar, provided that manual measurements are used and not automatic measurements.
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Central Corneal Thickness in Children With Diabetes
Arsen Akinci, MD; Derya Bulus, MD; Zehra Aycan, MD; Ozgur Oner, MD
Submitted: 9/10/08; Accepted: 5/5/09; Posted: 6/22/09Children with diabetes have a significantly increased central corneal thickness compared with healthy controls. Current HbA1C value is the only disease-related variable that predicts a higher central corneal thickness.
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Microbial Keratitis After Intrastromal Corneal Ring Segment Implantation
M. Emilia Mulet, MD, PhD; Juan J. Pérez-Santonja, MD; Consuelo Ferrer, PhD; Jorge L. Alió, MD, PhD
Submitted: 11/11/08; Accepted: 4/28/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 212 eyes that received an intrastromal corneal ring segment, 1.4% had acute microbial keratitis, mostly from gram-positive cocci.
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Stephen S. Lane, MD; Paul Ernest, MD; Kevin M. Miller, MD; Kendra S. Hileman, PhD; Blake Harris, BS; Curtis R. Waycaster, PhD
Submitted: 12/22/08; Accepted: 4/28/09; Posted: 6/22/09Sixty-two patients who previously received an AcrySof toric IOL or an AcrySof spherical control IOL in one eye were offered implantation of the same IOL in the fellow eye. Patients with bilateral toric IOLs achieved superior spectacle freedom, residual refractive cylinder, and distance uncorrected visual acuity compared to patients with bilateral spherical control IOLs.
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Comparing Conventional and Wavefront-optimized LASIK for the Treatment of Hyperopia
Daniel S. Durrie, MD; Ryan T. Smith, MD; George O. Waring IV, MD; Jason E. Stahl, MD; Frank J. Schwendeman, OD
Submitted: 10/27/08; Accepted: 4/23/09; Posted: 6/22/09In a series of 51 hyperopic eyes, the wavefront optimized ALLEGRETTO excimer laser produced generally better clinical results than the conventional LADAR4000 excimer laser, including less induced spherical aberration.
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Temperature Increase in Human Cadaver Retina During Direct Illumination by Femtosecond Laser Pulses
Hui Sun, PhD; Eric Mikula, MS; Ronald M. Kurtz, MD; Tibor Juhasz, PhD
Submitted: 1/28/09; Accepted: 4/17/09; Posted: 6/22/09Using an iFS IntraLase Advanced Femtosecond Laser emitting 600 fs pulses with a repetition rate of 150 kHz at 1053 nm wavelength in human eye bank eyes, exposure of the cornea produced minimal temperature elevations that would create subclinical effects in the retina.
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Femtosecond Laser Lamellar Keratoplasty to Aid Visualization for Cataract Surgery
Doh Lee, MD, PhD; Jin-Hyoung Kim, MD; Sae-Hoon Oh, MD; Suk-Kyue Choi, MD; Jung Kweon Kim, MD
Submitted: 8/18/08; Accepted: 4/15/09; Posted: 6/22/09Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery was performed on a patient with a long-term history of corneal opacity. Although remnant deep stromal opacity remained, visual acuity improved from counting fingers to 20/200.
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Traumatic Corneal Flap Dehiscence 6 Years After LASIK
Güzin Iskeleli, MD; Ahmet Ozkok, MD; Erdogan Cicik, MD
Submitted: 1/27/08; Accepted: 4/15/09; Posted: 5/15/09The authors present a patient with flap dehiscence caused by blunt trauma 6 years after LASIK. Flap dislocation can be resolved if treatment is correct and prompt.
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Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis of a Sputnik-like Intraocular Lens 28 Years After Implantation
Consuelo Ferrer, PhD; Sabat K. Abu-Mustafa, MD; Jorge L. Alió, MD, PhD
Submitted: 11/27/08; Accepted: 4/15/09; Posted: 5/15/09Sputnik-like intraocular lens spontaneous dislocation occurred 28 years after implantation. Scanning electron microscopy revealed macrophages, giant cells, and melanosomes on the lens, which caused a foreign body reaction in this patient.
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Robert N. Goldstone, BA; Elvin H. Yildiz, MD; Vincent C. Fan, MD; Penny A. Asbell, MD
Submitted: 11/11/08; Accepted: 4/15/09; Posted: 5/15/09Both contact lens corneal refractive therapy (CRT) and LASIK increase higher order aberrations at 1 month after treatment, but the increase with CRT is greater than that with LASIK, especially for spherical aberration. Changes after CRT are reversible; changes after LASIK are not.
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Refractive Surgery Trends and Practice Style Changes in Germany Over a 3-year Period
Ingo Schmack, MD; Gerd U. Auffarth, MD; Daniel Epstein, MD; Mike P. Holzer, MD
Submitted: 11/18/09; Accepted: 4/2/09; Posted: 5/15/09Refractive surgery in Germany remains a dynamic field of ophthalmology, illustrating trends and practice styles that are in line with other European countries.
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Dan Z. Reinstein, MD, MA(Cantab), FRCSC, FRCOphth; Marine Gobbe, MST(Optom), PhD; Timothy J. Archer, MA(Oxon), DipCompSci(Cantab); Ronald H. Silverman, PhD; D. Jackson Coleman, MD
Submitted: 12/15/08; Accepted: 4/14/09; Posted: 5/15/09In keratoconus eyes, the epithelial thickness pattern forms a "doughnut," with the thinnest area overlying the apex of the cone and the thickest area surrounding the base of the cone.
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Visian Toric Implantable Collamer Lens for Correction of Compound Myopic Astigmatism
Daniel Elies, MD; Tirso Alonso, MD; Javier Puig, MD, PhD; Oscar Gris, MD, PhD; José Luís Güell, MD, PhD; Andreu Coret, MD, PhD
Submitted: 5/13/08; Accepted: 3/31/09; Posted: 5/15/09In a retrospective analysis of 63 myopic astigmatic eyes that underwent implantation of a STAAR Toric Implantable Collamer Lens, 94% of eyes had a spherical equivalent refraction within ±1.00 D and 83% within ±0.05 D, and astigmatism was reduced to 0.38@99.6 from 2.17@93 preoperatively.
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Microbial Keratitis After LASIK
Prashant Garg, MD; Sunita Chaurasia, MS; Pravin K. Vaddavalli, MS; Muralidhar R, MS; Vikas Mittal, MD, DNB; Usha Gopinathan, PhD
Submitted: 9/21/08; Accepted: 4/2/09; Posted: 5/8/09Infection after LASIK performed in a tropical climate can be caused by unusual organisms such as fungi, Nocardia, and Acanthamoeba, therefore, detailed microbiology workup is needed for definitive diagnosis and treatment.
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An Inter-eye Comparison of Refractive Outcomes Following Cataract Surgery
John Landers, MBBS, MPH, PhD; Michael Goggin, FRCSI(Ophth), FRANZCO, MS
Submitted: 10/9/08; Accepted: 4/2/09; Posted: 5/8/09The difference between postoperative refractive outcome and preoperative target refraction of the second eye following bilateral cataract surgery with IOL implantation is independent of that from the first eye.
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Cheryl Ngo, MBBS; Mandeep Singh, MRCSEd, MMed(Ophth); Chelvin Sng, MBBS; Seng-Chee Loon, FRCSEd, MMED(Clin Epi); Yiong-Huak Chan, PhD; Lennard Thean, FRCSEd, FAMS
Submitted: 9/15/08; Accepted: 3/5/09; Posted: 5/8/09A retrospective study of 108 eyes implanted with SA60D3, SN60D3, and ZM900 IOLs following phacoemulsification for cataract found that each lens provided equally good uncorrected visual acuity and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, although the ZM900 lens provided better binocular distance corrected near acuity than the SA60D3 or SN60D3.
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Changes in Ocular Response Analyzer Parameters After LASIK
Shihao Chen, MD, OD, MS; Ding Chen, MD; Jianhua Wang, PhD, MD; Fan Lu, MD, OD, MS; Qinmei Wang, MD; Jia Qu, MD, MS
Submitted: 3/24/08; Accepted: 3/25/09; Posted: 4/15/09Corneal biomechanical properties measured by corneal hysteresis and corneal resistance factor with the Ocular Response Analyzer were decreased at 10 days after LASIK. Minimal recovery (approximately 10% of the changes) was achieved by 3 months. The changes in biomechanical properties may affect intraocular pressure measurement.
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Jens Bühren, MD; Geunyoung Yoon, PhD; Scott MacRae, MD; Krystel Huxlin, PhD
Submitted: 12/1/08; Accepted: 3/11/09; Posted: 4/15/09Pupil diameter and decentration of the optical zone affected the change of retinal image quality, with a higher influence of the pupil diameter. Microdecentrations of <500 µm are unlikely to be the reason for night vision disturbances in otherwise asymptomatic eyes.
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Jens Bühren, MD; Tim Martin, PhD; Anja Kühne, Dipl-Ing(FH); Thomas Kohnen, MD
Submitted: 7/1/08; Accepted: 3/11/09; Posted: 4/15/09In a series of 28 eyes that underwent LASIK, psychometric, psychophysical, and wavefront-derived parameters were found to have differences in predicting subjective quality of vision after LASIK.
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David Díaz-Valle, MD, PhD; Pedro Arriola-Villalobos, MD; José M. Benitez-del-Castillo Sánchez, MD, PhD; Enrique Santos Bueso, MD, PhD; José M. Martínez de la Casa, MD, PhD; Ricardo Cuiña Sardiña, MD
Submitted: 10/30/08; Accepted: 3/11/09; Posted: 4/15/09Report of late onset severe diffuse lamellar keratitis (DLK) associated with uveitis after LASIK in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis. Acute anterior uveitis may be a predisposing factor for late-onset DLK; therefore, LASIK in these patients should be carefully considered.
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Femtosecond Thin-flap LASIK for the Correction of Ametropia After Penetrating Keratoplasty
Irina S. Barequet, MD; Ami Hirsh, MD; Samuel Levinger, MD
Submitted: 5/10/08; Accepted: 2/18/09; Posted: 4/15/09In a series of 11 consecutive eyes, from approximately 1 to 13 years after penetrating keratoplasty, femtosecond thin-flap laser was done without serious complications and with improved visual function.
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Maria Clara Arbelaez, MD; Ioannis M. Aslanides, MD; Carmen Barraquer, MD; Francesco Carones, MD; Alena Feuermannova, MD; Tobias Neuhann, MD; Pavel Rozsival, MD
Submitted: 5/19/08; Accepted: 2/10/09; Posted: 4/15/09In a series of 358 eyes with spherical equivalent myopia ranging from -0.50 to -7.38 D treated at 6 different centers with the SCHWIND AMARIS excimer laser platform, outcomes included spherical equivalent manifest refraction within ±0.50 D in 96% of eyes, an uncorrected visual acuity of 20/16 or better in 65% and of 20/20 or better in 98% of eyes, mean increase in spherical aberration and in coma of 0.03 µm each, and no change in contrast sensitivity.
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Yan-Ming Chen, MD; Fung-Rong Hu, MD; Pei-Yuang Su, MD; Wei-Li Chen, MD, PhD
Submitted: 6/13/08; Accepted: 3/5/09; Posted: 4/1/09The authors report a patient who underwent epi-LASIK with resultant bilateral inadvertent stromal cuts during mechanical separation of the corneal epithelium with a Centurion SES epikeratome.
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Mohamad Rosman, MD, FRCSEd, FAMS; Jorge L. Alió, MD, PhD; Dolores Ortiz, PhD; Juan J. Perez-Santonja, MD
Submitted: 5/15/08; Accepted: 2/18/09; Posted: 4/1/09In a retrospective study of 51 eyes that underwent PRK and 141 eyes that underwent LASIK for myopia of -10.00 to -18.00 D, the percentage of eyes with uncorrected visual acuity of 20/40 or better was higher in the LASIK group than in the PRK group throughout 10-year follow-up. In eyes that underwent PRK, haze was a significant long-term problem.
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Structural-functional Correlations of Corneal Innervation After LASIK and Penetrating Keratoplasty
Oliver Stachs, PhD; Andrey Zhivov, MD; Robert Kraak, MD; Marine Hovakimyan, PhD; Andreas Wree, MD; Rudolf Guthoff, MD
Submitted: 7/15/08; Accepted: 2/10/09; Posted: 4/1/09Confocal microscopy of the subbasal nerve plexus in the cornea after LASIK and penetrating keratoplasty demonstrates that normal anatomy is not achieved during recovery, even though normal sensation occurs after LASIK by about 6 months; however, it does not occur completely normally in penetrating keratoplasty.
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Dan Z. Reinstein, MD, MA(Cantab), FRCSC, FRCOphth; Timothy J. Archer, MA(Oxon), DipCompSci(Cantab); Marine Gobbe, MST(Optom), PhD; Neil Johnson, MA(Cantab), PhD
Submitted: 12/23/07; Accepted: 2/3/09; Posted: 4/1/09In a series of 24 myopic eyes using the Zeiss VisuMax femtosecond laser and MEL 80 excimer laser platforms for LASIK, an intended flap thickness of 110 µm yielded a mean flap thicknesses of 112.3±7.9 µm (range: 102.6 to 132.9 µm). A comprehensive tabular review of articles reporting flap thickness is presented.
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Sang-Kyoon Kim, MD; Hyo-Myung Kim, MD, PhD; Jong-Suk Song, MD, PhD
Submitted: 5/27/08; Accepted: 2/10/09; Posted: 3/18/09In a series of 20 eyes, the anterior chamber internal diameter was measured. The 35 MHz UBM measured smaller than the OCT, but the two were well correlated statistically, whereas the Pentacam showed poor correlation and seems to be an improper method for this measurement
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Haiyan Li, PhD, MD; Tong Sun, MD; Ming Wang, PhD, MD; Jialiang Zhao, PhD, MD
Submitted: 2/11/08; Accepted: 2/10/09; Posted: 3/18/09Two hundred seventy-four eyes with a mean spherical equivalent refraction of -8.94 D (range: -6.12 to -15.75 D) received thin flap LASIK with either a 15-kHz IntraLase or a Moria M IntraLase femtosecond system (intended thickness: 100 µm) or a Moria M2 mechanical microkeratome (intended thickness: 110 µm). A VISX S4 IR excimer laser was used. At 3 months, the two flap techniques had similar predictability, stability, and change in higher order aberrations.
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Ryan T. Smith, MD; George O. Waring IV, MD; Daniel S. Durrie, MD; Jason E. Stahl, MD; Priscilla Thomas, BS
Submitted: 11/25/08; Accepted: 2/3/09; Posted: 3/18/09In a prospective, randomized, contralateral eye study of 25 patients, one eye received PRK and the other eye femtosecond thin flap LASIK for the correction of myopia with the LADAR4000 wavefront-guided platform. At 1 and 3 months after surgery, no significant difference was found in central endothelial cell density between the two eyes of the same patient.
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Adjustable Intracorneal Ring in a Lamellar Pocket for Keratoconus
Albert Daxer, MD, PhD
Submitted: 7/31/08; Accepted: 2/3/09; Posted: 3/18/09After creating a limbus-to-limbus lamellar pocket, a flexible complete intracorneal ring is inserted, and can be adjusted within the stromal pocket as reported in one case of keratoconus.
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Guillermo M. Pérez, OD, MSc; Salomé Abenza, MD; Alvaro De Casas, MD; Jose M. Marín, MD; Pablo Artal, PhD
Submitted: 8/27/08; Accepted: 2/3/09; Posted: 3/18/09In a patient with 20/20 UCVA and monocular diplopia and minimal lens changes on slit lamp examination, the combination of the optical quality analysis system and a Hartmann-Schack aberrometer demonstrated that double vision was generated by the lens. Cataract surgery was successful and the monocular diplopia disappeared.
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LASIK Flap Creation With the Ziemer Femtosecond Laser in 787 Consecutive Eyes
Juhani Pietilä, MD; Anne Huhtala, DSc; Markus Jääskeläinen, BSc; Jarmo Jylli, BSc; Petri Mäkinen, MD; Hannu Uusitalo, MD, PhD
Submitted: 9/2/08; Accepted: 1/27/09; Posted: 3/18/09The Ziemer FEMTO LDV laser, set to create a LASIK flap thickness of 110 µm, created a mean thickness of 90 µm with a low standard deviation and few intraoperative complications.
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Aleksandar Stojanovic, MD; Jia Zhang, MD; Xiangjun Chen, MD; Tore A. Nitter, MD, PhD; Shihao Chen, MD; Qinmei Wang MD
Submitted: 5/10/08; Accepted: 2/2/09; Posted: 3/6/09In 12 eyes with keratoconus or pellucid marginal degeneration, a combination of topography-guided custom ablation immediately followed by collagen cross-linking improved uncorrected and spectacle-corrected visual acuity and reduced astigmatism. Over 12 months of observation, no progression of the corneal ectasia was observed.
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Ahmet Taylan Yazici, MD; Ercument Bozkurt, MD; Cengiz Alagoz, MD; Nese Alagoz, MD; Gokhan Pekel, MD; Vedat Kaya, MD; Omer Faruk Yilmaz, MD
Submitted: 4/26/08; Accepted: 2/2/09; Posted: 3/6/09In a series of 100 healthy eyes, the Visante OCT, Orbscan, and Pentacam had mean measurements of corneal thickness that differed by a maximum of 25 µm, mean anterior chamber depth values by 0.14 mm, and mean pupil diameter by 1.82 mm—differences considered not clinically significant by the authors.
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Maurice Schallenberg, MD; Valerie Bangre; Klaus-Peter Steuhl, MD, PhD; Stephan Kremmer, MD, PhD; J. Michael Selbach, MD, PhD
Submitted: 3/29/08; Accepted: 2/2/09; Posted: 3/6/09Ninety-two eyes were examined with three pupillometers at 0.04 and 0.4 lux. The Neuroptics pupillometer had the best interobserver agreement, and the Colvard and Neuroptics had the best between-instrument agreement and the best repeatability.
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Irmingard M. Neuhann, MD; Barbara A.M. Lege, MD; Markus Bauer, MD; Joerg M. Hassel, MS; Anton Hilger, MS; Thomas F. Neuhann, MD
Submitted: 9/14/08; Accepted: 1/13/09; Posted: 2/16/09In a series of 828 eyes with compound myopic astigmatism, treated by LASIK using the B & L Zyoptix 217z100 laser platform with the Advanced Control Eye Tracker, preoperative astigmatism was a mean of 1.27 D (range: 0.75 to 6.75 D) and postoperatively 82.5% of eyes had astigmatism within ±0.50 D of attempted.
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Anterior Segment Measurements Using Pentacam and Orbscan II 1 to 5 Years After Refractive Surgery
Sun Woong Kim, MD; Hae Jung Sun, MD; Jee Ho Chang, MD; Eung Kweon Kim, MD, PhD
Submitted: 6/4/08; Accepted: 1/6/09; Posted: 2/16/09In a series of 51 eyes after surface excimer laser ablation for myopia, the posterior corneal elevation was measured with the Orbscan II and Pentacam, indicating poor correlation between the two instruments for that measurement.
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Outcomes of the AcrySof ReSTOR IOL in Myopes, Emmetropes, and Hyperopes
Katrin Petermeier, MD; Andre Messias, MD; Florian Gekeler, MD; Martin S. Spitzer, MD; Peter Szurman, MD
Submitted: 4/22/08; Accepted: 12/16/08; Posted: 2/16/09The outcome for uncorrected distance, intermediate, and near visual acuity was meaningfully different in eyes that received an AcrySof RESTOR multifocal IOL in myopes, emmetropes, and hyperopes.
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Antonio Rodríguez-Galietero, MD, PhD, FEBO; José Vicente González Martínez, OD; Ángeles Del Buey, MD, PhD; José Ángel Cristóbal Bescós, MD, PhD
Submitted: 10/30/07; Accepted: 12/12/08; Posted 2/16/09In a contralateral eye study, with one eye treated with brimonidine and the other eye acting as a control, 100 patients underwent LASIK using the IntraLase femtosecond laser to create the flap. Eyes treated with brimonidine had marked (10- to20-fold) reduction of subconjunctival hemorrhage, hyperemia, and flap retraction compared to control eyes.
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Effect of Aging on Corneal Biomechanical Parameters Using the Ocular Response Analyzer
Kazutaka Kamiya, MD, PhD; Kimiya Shimizu, MD, PhD; Fumiko Ohmoto, MD
Submitted: 7/3/08; Accepted: 11/20/08; Posted: 2/16/09In a series of 204 healthy Japanese eyes, corneal biomechanical parameters were found to significantly decrease with aging without significant changes in central corneal thickness or intraocular pressure.
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Conductive Keratoplasty for the Treatment of Astigmatism Induced by Corneal Trauma or Incision
Wen Xu, MD, PhD; Panpan Ye, MD; Ke Yao, MD, PhD; Jin Ma, MD, PhD; Hesheng Xu, MD; Junde Dai, MD; Xiaofei Yu, MD
Submitted: 6/4/08; Accepted: 12/16/08; Posted: 1/30/09In a series of 13 eyes with surgical or traumatic corneal scars, conductive keratoplasty applied to the flat meridian reduced the mean keratometric astigmatism from 4.15 D preoperatively to 1.66 D 6 months postoperatively.
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Vector Analysis of Cross Cylinder LASIK With the NIDEK EC-5000 Excimer Laser for High Astigmatism
Abbas Abolhassani, MD; Ahmad Shojaei, MD; Ali Reza Baradaran-Rafiee, MD; Medi Eslani, MD; Behzad Elahi, MD; Farsad Noorizadeh, MD
Submitted: 6/18/08; Accepted: 12/12/08; Posted: 1/30/09In a series of 34 eyes treated with LASIK using the NIDEK EC-5000 laser and a bitoric, cross-cylinder approach, the mean preoperative cylinder of –4.73 D (range: –4.00 to –7.00 D) was decreased to –0.29 D (range: 0.00 to –1.50 D).
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Maria Clara Arbelaez, MD; Camila Vidal, OD; Samuel Arba Mosquera, MSc
Submitted: 4/23/08; Accepted: 11/12/08; Posted: 1/30/09In 30 eyes treated with LASIK for myopia using the SCHWIND excimer laser platform and the wavefront-guided "Custom Ablation Manager" software, at 6 months there was no change in coma or spherical aberration.
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Abhijit Sinha Roy, PhD; William J. Dupps, Jr, MD, PhD
Submitted: 6/30/08; Accepted: 11/20/08; Posted: 1/30/09Using finite element modeling of the whole eye, the authors showed different amounts of stiffness in the cornea will vary the location of the maximum displacement of the cornea after LASIK – central, paracentral, or limbal.
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Carlos G. Arce, MD; Eduardo S. Soriano, MD; Robert W. Weisenthal, MD; Stephen M. Hamilton, MD; Karolinne M. Rocha, MD; Juan B. Alzamora, MD; Eduardo J. Maidana, MD; Vijayalakshmi L. Vadrevu, MD; Kenneth Himmel, MD; Paulo Schor, MD; Mauro Campos, MD
Submitted: 6/30/07; Accepted: 11/25/08; Posted: 1/15/09In eyes with previous cataract refractive surgery in three different institutions, the authors use the average of the 2-mm diameter central zone from the Orbscan II total-mean power maps centered on the pupil to obtain the keratometric power entered into the SRK-T or Holladay IOL power calculation formulas. The achieved spherical equivalent refraction was within ±0.50 in 53% and ±1.00 D in 78% of 77 eyes.
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Comparison of Outcomes of Myopic LASIK With and Without NIDEK Active Torsion Error Correction
Jan Venter, MD
Submitted: 9/22/07; Accepted: 11/20/08; Posted: 1/15/09In a contralateral eye study of 24 patients who underwent LASIK using the NIDEK NAVEX laser platform, one eye was treated with active cyclotorsion error correction and the other without. In the eyes with active cyclotorsion error correction, a mean decrease in root-mean-square of higher order aberration was noted and predictability of astigmatism correction was increased.
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Corneal Power Measurements Using Scheimpflug Imaging in Eyes With Prior Corneal Refractive Surgery
Jack T. Holladay, MD, MSEE, FACS; Warren E. Hill, MD, FACS; Andreas Steinmueller, MSc
Submitted: 6/3/08; Accepted: 11/20/08; Posted: 1/15/09The accuracy of central corneal power measurements In 100 eyes with LASIK and 41 eyes with radial keratotomy and cataract surgery was evaluated, demonstrating that Scheimpflug imaging with the Pentacam provides an alternative method of measuring central corneal power in eyes with previous corneal refractive surgery.
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Accuracy of WASCA Aberrometer Refraction Compared to Manifest Refraction in Chinese Adult Myopes
Xiangjia Zhu, BS; Jinhui Dai, MD; Renyuan Chu, MD; Yi Lu, MD; Xingtao Zhou, MD; Lin Wang
Submitted: 2/2/08; Accepted: 11/20/08; Posted: 1/15/09In a series of 360 Chinese myopic eyes, manifest refraction and WASCA aberrometry were compared using vector analysis and conventional notation. Although measurements were concordant, for eyes with low to moderate spherocylindrical refraction, WASCA was less accurate in predicting sphere and less effective for the measurement of astigmatism <0.75 D.
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Complications of LASIK Flaps Made by the IntraLase 15- and 30-kHz Femtosecond Lasers
Payman Haft, MD; Sonia H. Yoo, MD; George D. Kymionis, MD, PhD; Takeshi Ide, MD, PhD; Terrence P. O'Brien, MD; William W. Culbertson, MD
Submitted: 6/19/08; Accepted: 10/29/08; Posted: 1/15/09In 4772 eyes that underwent LASIK with the 15- or 30-kHz IntraLase femtosecond laser, only 0.92% of eyes had complications due to flap creation.
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LASIK for Myopia With Aspheric "Aberration Neutral" Ablations Using the ESIRIS Laser System
Maria Clara Arbelaez, MD; Camila Vidal, OD; Bushra Al Jabri, OD; Samuel Arba Mosquera, MS
Submitted: 4/23/08; Accepted: 10/24/08; Posted: 1/15/09In a series of 231 eyes that underwent LASIK for myopia using optimized aberration neutral ablation profiles, 87% were within ±0.50 D of attempted correction and the amount of induced aberrations of both the cornea and eye were minimized.
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Stereoacuity After Refractive Lens Exchange With AcrySof ReSTOR Intraocular Lens Implantation
Teresa Ferrer-Blasco, PhD; Robert Montés-Micó, PhD; Alejandro Cerviño, PhD; José F. Alfonso, MD, PhD; José M. González-Méijome, PhD
Submitted: 4/13/08; Accepted: 10/22/08; Posted: 12/15/08In 30 hyperopic eyes of presbyopic individuals who underwent refractive lens exchange with the implantation of the AcrySof ReSTOR natural IOL, stereoacuity as measured by the Titmus stereo test was unchanged compared to preoperative measurements.
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David P. Piñero, MSc; Ana Belén Plaza Puche, OD; Jorge L. Alió, MD, PhD
Submitted: 6/9/08; Accepted: 10/22/08; Posted: 12/15/08The authors use the OCT to measure anterior chamber diameters and very high-frequency ultrasound to measure both anterior chamber diameter and ciliary sulcus diameter. Mean values for 20 normal eyes across a range of refractions were similar, but for individual eyes, the angle-to-angle measurements cannot be equated with sulcus-to-sulcus measurements. The authors advise direct measurement of the anatomical diameters for phakic IOL implant sizing.
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Location of Steepest Corneal Area of Cone in Keratoconus Using Pentacam Stratified by Age
Aylin Ertan, MD; Günhal Kamburoglu, MD; Joseph Colin, MD
Submitted: 4/29/08; Accepted: 10/21/08; Posted: 12/15/08In a series of 482 eyes with keratoconus, corneal topography with the Pentacam showed the predominant pattern of the cone to be vertical bowtie in younger patients, inferior cone in middle-aged patients, and inferotemporal cone in older patients.
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Christoph Russmann, PhD; Marcus Blum, MD; Matthias Reich, PhD; Manfred Dick, PhD; Kathleen S. Kunert, MD
Submitted: 5/20/08; Accepted: 10/21/08; Posted: 12/15/08In a series of 25 patients (50 eyes) that had an Artisan phakic IOL in place, the application of a Zeiss femtosecond laser suction ring moved the IOL posteriorly a mean of 70 µm as measured by Visante OCT.
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Artisan Phakic Intraocular Lens in Patients With Keratoconus
Jan Venter, MD
Submitted: 7/25/08; Accepted: 10/21/08; Posted: 12/15/08In a series of 18 eyes with mild to moderate keratoconus, implantation of an Artisan phakic IOL producedmea 61% of eyes with a mean refraction spherical equivalent within ±0.50 D.
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Effect of Epithelial Retention and Removal on Riboflavin Absorption in Porcine Corneas
Konstantinos Samaras, MD, MRCOphth; David P. O'Brart, MD, FRCS, FRCOphth; James Doutch, BSc; Sally Hayes, PhD; John Marshall, PhD; Keith M. Meek, PhD
Submitted: 3/30/08; Accepted: 10/7/08; Posted: 12/15/08Light transmission spectra of porcine corneas following riboflavin/UVA corneal cross-linking treatment suggests the need to completely remove the epithelium to allow adequate homogenous penetration of riboflavin into the stroma.
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Fouad N. Sayegh, MD, PhD
Submitted: 5/6/07; Accepted: 9/23/08; Posted: 10/31/08In a retrospective study of more than 46,000 patients, those with <3.00 D of myopia at the time of refractive surgery were unlikely to experience progression of refractive error. Patients in which the axial length is >26 mm in conjunction with higher corneal powers are at risk for progression of refractive error following refractive surgery.
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Meritxell Vilaseca, PhD; Adenay Padilla, BSc; Jaume Pujol, PhD; Juan C. Ondategui, BSc; Pablo Artal, PhD; José L. Güell, PhD
Received: 10/17/07; Accepted: 9/23/08; Posted: 10/31/08Using the Optical Quality Analysis System at 1 month after Verisyse and Veriflex phakic IOL and MEL 80 LASIK for myopia, the modulation transfer function across spatial frequencies was somewhat better in the IOL eyes than in the LASIK eyes.
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Effect of Femtosecond Laser Energy Level on Corneal Stromal Cell Death and Inflammation
Fabricio Witzel de Medeiros, MD; Harmeet Kaur, PhD; Vandana Agrawal, MA; Shyam S. Chaurasia, PhD; Jefferey Hammel, PhD; William J. Dupps, Jr, MD, PhD; Steven E. Wilson, MD
Submitted: 2/5/08; Accepted: 9/23/08; Posted: 10/31/08Using an IntraLase 60 kHz model II femtosecond laser in rabbits to make corneal flaps, higher pulse energy created greater damage to corneal keratocytes.
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Brian S. Boxer Wachler, MD; Ryan T. Scruggs, MS; Leonard H. Yuen, MD, MRCOphth, MPH; Shahrokh Jalali, MD
Submitted: 1/18/08; Accepted: 9/23/08; Posted: 10/31/08Comparing the Visian ICL (30 eyes) and Verisyse phakic (31 eyes) intraocular lenses in a series of myopic patients, monocular visual acuity at 3 months was similar, but binocular visual acuity and refractive outcome accuracy was superior with the Visian ICL.
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Je Hyun Seo, MD; Mee Kum Kim, MD; Won Ryang Wee, MD; Jin Hak Lee, MD
Submitted: 3/5/08; Accepted: 8/20/08; Posted: 10/15/08In myopic eyes with a large corneal white-to-white diameter or a large central anterior chamber depth, an implantable collamer lens is likely to have a larger vault–a somewhat paradoxial outcome, suggesting that the currently available conventional program for determining ICL diameter cannot consistently provide reliable prediction of ICL vault.
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Salomon Esquenazi, MD; Isi Esquenazi; Lev Grunstein, MD; Juicheng He, MD, PhD; Haydee Bazan, PhD
Submitted: 12/14/07; Accepted: 8/15/08; Posted: 9/30/08In five corneas that developed ectasia after LASIK and underwent penetrating keratoplasty, the LASIK flap showed a corneal scar with myofibroblasts, increased chondroitin sulfate in the wound, and positive staining for matrix metalloproteinase 9 in the area of the wound margin scar.
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Kyaw Lin Tu, FRCSE; Ioannis M. Aslanides, MD, PhD, MBA
Submitted: 5/23/08; Accepted: 8/15/08; Posted: 9/30/08Corneal collagen cross-linking in eyes with keratoconus can have different effects on topography depending on the preoperative pattern of keratoconus. A preoperative central cone may flatten after cross-linking whereas an eccentric cone preoperatively may steepen centrally after cross-linking.
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Ella G. Faktorovich, MD; Emily Nosova, BA
Submitted: 6/9/07; Accepted: 8/7/08; Posted: 9/30/08In a series of eight eyes that received LASIK that had loose epithelium at the time of the initial LASIK surgery, residual epithelial basement membrane degeneration and a small amount of emmetropia remained. Epithelial removal and 30 excimer laser pulses of phototherapeutic keratectomy spread over a large area were delivered. There was improvement in uncorrected visual acuity in all eyes with some decrease in refractive error.
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Dan Z. Reinstein, MD, MA(Cantab), FRCSC, FRCOphth; Timothy J. Archer, MA(Oxon), DipCompSci(Cantab); Marine Gobbe, MST(Optom), PhD; Ronald H. Silverman, PhD; D. Jackson Coleman, MD
Submitted: 1/10/08; Accepted: 8/5/08; Posted: 9/30/08Stromal thickness profile was characterized in a series of normal eyes to represent a normative data set, which may help in early diagnosis of corneal abnormalities such as keratoconus. Absolute stromal thickness progression was independent of stromal thickness.
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Endothelial Decompensation Following Epithelial LASIK With Loss of Epithelial Flap
Sameer Kaushal, MD; Gaurav Prakash, MD; Namrata Sharma, MD; Jeewan S. Titiyal, MD
Submitted: 11/3/07; Accepted: 7/29/08; Posted: 9/30/08Endothelial decompensation after bilateral epithelial LASIK was noted in the right eye of a patient with no preoperative features suggestive of pre-existing endothelial dysfunction, but not in the left eye treated similarly.
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Nicola Rosa, MD; Luigi Capasso, MD, PhD; Michele Lanza, MD; Maria Borrelli, MD
Submitted: 2/5/08; Accepted: 7/29/08; Posted: 9/15/08In a series of 62 eyes that previously underwent corneal refractive surgery, intraocular lens power needed for cataract surgery was calculated using an axial length-related corneal radius correcting factor. The refractive outcomes ranged between –3.25 and +1.00 D, with 60% of eyes within ±0.50 D of the intended refraction.
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Luca Buzzonetti, MD; Gianni Petrocelli, MD; Antonio Laborante, MD; Emilio Mazzilli, MD; Mario Gaspari, MD; Paola Valente, MD
Submitted: 3/11/08; Accepted: 7/29/08; Posted: 9/15/08Arcuate keratotomy performed using the IntraLase femtosecond laser in nine patients with high astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty reduced the mean refractive astigmatism from 9.00 to 3.00 D.
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Maria Clara Arbelaez, MD; Camila Vidal, OD; Samuel Arba Mosquera, MSc
Submitted: 1/8/08; Accepted: 7/29/08; Posted: 9/15/08Central ablation depth after myopic LASIK was measured using ultrasound, Scheimpflug, and optical coherence pachymetry and correlated with postoperative refraction. Differential pachymetry correlated to intended central ablation depth for all techniques, whereas none of the techniques were effective in predicting the achieved refractive change.
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Toric Intraocular Lenses-Theory, Matrix Calculations, and Clinical Practice
Achim Langenbucher, PhD; Anja Viestenz, MD, FICO; Nóra Szentmáry, MD, PhD; Wolfgang Behrens-Baumann, MD; Arne Viestenz, MD, FICO
Submitted: 4/9/08; Accepted: 7/29/08; Posted: 9/15/08Formulas and metrics for determining intraocular lens power and residual refraction after toric IOL implantation are reviewed. Clinical recommendations are provided.
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Aldo Caporossi, MD, PhD; Fabrizio Casprini, MD, PhD; Gianluca Martone, MD; Angelo Balestrazzi, MD, PhD; Gian Marco Tosi, MD, PhD; Leonardo Ciompi, MD
Submitted: 3/4/08; Accepted: 7/8/08; Posted: 9/15/08In a series of 100 patients with bilateral cataracts, the quality of vision with aspheric compared to spherical intraocular lenses was studied after 2-year follow-up. Implantation of a modified aspheric IOL improves functional visual performance by reducing total spherical aberration and improving contrast sensitivity.
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Objective Evaluation of the Visual Benefit in Contact Lens Fitting After Complicated LASIK
César Villa-Collar, OD, MSc; José Manuel González-Méijome, OD, PhD; Ramón Gutiérrez-Ortega, MD, PhD
Submitted: 10/2/07; Accepted: 7/8/08; Posted: 9/15/08Four patients with poor vision after refractive surgery were treated with different contact lens fitting approaches and objectively monitored to quantify the visual improvements provided by the contact lenses. The visual benefit was measured through luminous distortion under scotopic conditions.
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